Task: configure SharePoint search service so that it will be allowed to show only pages of such types: documents (.doc/.docx/.pdf), tables (.xls, .xslx), aspx-pages (.aspx).
Instruction:
- First of all, you need to compose regex for solving your task. In my case, regex would be:
 1http://<host>/.*(.aspx|.doc(x)?|.xls(x)?|.pdf) regex-101 I can advice you to use very-very helpful site https://regex101.com/ for composing and testing your regular expressions. 
- Copy you regex and navigate to SharePoint Admin Center -> Services, find search service and got to Manage -> Crawl Rules. Add new crawl rule with include type (ATTENTION: remove backslashes from regex that you’ve got on step 1).  Enable  checkbox  “Follow complex URLs also“!
 new-crawl-rule  new-crawl-rule-edit 
-  Click save. On page, were you were adding new rule, you also can test some links and see will be page covered with this rule. For example:
 check-crawl-rule 
- Also, you have to add global exclude rule for all content sources on priorities after include rules (ATTENTION: add include and exclude rules for all content sources). In my case exclude rule regex will be:
 1https://host/.*
- Save all rules and run full index scan. Check crawled pages in crawl log.
- PROFIT!!!

